Which of the following is NOT typically considered malware?

Antivirus software is not considered malware because its primary function is to detect, prevent, and remove malicious software from computers and networks. Unlike ransomware, adware, and spyware, which are designed with harmful intent—either to steal data, encrypt files for ransom, or serve unwanted advertisements—antivirus software plays a crucial role in protecting systems by providing security measures against these threats. Essentially, antivirus software is a defensive tool, while the others mentioned are offensive in nature, intending to compromise user privacy and security.